11. Kevaṭṭasuttaṃ

Kevaṭṭagahapatiputtavatthu

481. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā nāḷandāyaṃ viharati pāvārikambavane. Atha kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati; evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā kevaṭṭaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemi – etha tumhe, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ odātavasanānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karothā’’ti.

482. Dutiyampi kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dhaṃsemi; api ca, evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati; evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā kevaṭṭaṃ gahapatiputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ dhammaṃ desemi – etha tumhe, bhikkhave, gihīnaṃ odātavasanānaṃ uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karothā’’’ti.

Tatiyampi kho kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ dhaṃsemi; api ca, evaṃ vadāmi – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā bhagavati abhippasannā. Sādhu, bhante, bhagavā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samādisatu, yo uttarimanussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ karissati. Evāyaṃ nāḷandā bhiyyoso mattāya bhagavati abhippasīdissatī’ti.

Iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ

483. ‘‘Tīṇi kho imāni, kevaṭṭa, pāṭihāriyāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ , anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.



给吒经
给吒居士子事
如是我闻。一时，世尊住在那烂陀（Nālandā）的波婆利迦芒果林中。那时，给吒居士子来到世尊所在之处。来到后，向世尊礼拜，然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的给吒居士子对世尊如是说："尊者，这个那烂陀既富裕又繁荣，人口众多，拥挤不堪，对世尊深具信心。尊者，请世尊指示一位比丘，他将展示超人法的神通神变；这样，那烂陀就会更加信服世尊。"世尊听后对给吒居士子如是说："给吒，我不是这样教导比丘的法——'来吧，诸比丘，你们为穿白衣的在家人展示超人法的神通神变。'"
给吒居士子第二次对世尊如是说："尊者，我不是要诽谤世尊；但是，我是这样说的——'尊者，这个那烂陀既富裕又繁荣，人口众多，拥挤不堪，对世尊深具信心。尊者，请世尊指示一位比丘，他将展示超人法的神通神变；这样，那烂陀就会更加信服世尊。'"世尊第二次对给吒居士子如是说："给吒，我不是这样教导比丘的法——'来吧，诸比丘，你们为穿白衣的在家人展示超人法的神通神变。'"
给吒居士子第三次对世尊如是说："尊者，我不是要诽谤世尊；但是，我是这样说的——'尊者，这个那烂陀既富裕又繁荣，人口众多，拥挤不堪，对世尊深具信心。尊者，请世尊指示一位比丘，他将展示超人法的神通神变。这样，那烂陀就会更加信服世尊。'"
神通神变
"给吒，有三种神变是我亲自证知、实现并宣说的。哪三种？神通神变、他心通神变、教诫神变。

484. ‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti. Ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃ mahiddhike evaṃ mahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.

‘‘Tamenaṃ aññataro saddho pasanno passati taṃ bhikkhuṃ anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhontaṃ – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hontaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hontaṃ; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamānaṃ gacchantaṃ seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karontaṃ seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchantaṃ seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamantaṃ seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃ mahiddhike evaṃ mahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasantaṃ parimajjantaṃ yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattentaṃ.

‘‘Tamenaṃ so saddho pasanno aññatarassa assaddhassa appasannassa āroceti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Amāhaṃ bhikkhuṃ addasaṃ anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhontaṃ – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hontaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hontaṃ…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattenta’nti.

‘‘Tamenaṃ so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi kho, bho, gandhārī nāma vijjā. Tāya so bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattetī’ti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, kevaṭṭa, api nu so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyyā’’ti? ‘‘Vadeyya, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, iddhipāṭihāriye ādīnavaṃ sampassamāno iddhipāṭihāriyena aṭṭīyāmi harāyāmi jigucchāmi’’.

Ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ

485. ‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, ādesanāpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisati, cetasikampi ādisati, vitakkitampi ādisati, vicāritampi ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti.

‘‘Tamenaṃ aññataro saddho pasanno passati taṃ bhikkhuṃ parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisantaṃ, cetasikampi ādisantaṃ, vitakkitampi ādisantaṃ, vicāritampi ādisantaṃ – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’nti. Tamenaṃ so saddho pasanno aññatarassa assaddhassa appasannassa āroceti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Amāhaṃ bhikkhuṃ addasaṃ parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisantaṃ, cetasikampi ādisantaṃ, vitakkitampi ādisantaṃ, vicāritampi ādisantaṃ – ‘‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’’’nti.

‘‘Tamenaṃ so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘atthi kho, bho, maṇikā nāma vijjā; tāya so bhikkhu parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cittampi ādisati, cetasikampi ādisati, vitakkitampi ādisati, vicāritampi ādisati – ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano, itipi te citta’’’nti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, kevaṭṭa, api nu so assaddho appasanno taṃ saddhaṃ pasannaṃ evaṃ vadeyyā’’ti ? ‘‘Vadeyya, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Imaṃ kho ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, ādesanāpāṭihāriye ādīnavaṃ sampassamāno ādesanāpāṭihāriyena aṭṭīyāmi harāyāmi jigucchāmi’’.

Anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ



"给吒，什么是神通神变？在此，给吒，比丘体验各种神通。一身变多身，多身合一身；显现隐形；穿墙越壁，穿山如空；出没地中，如水中浮沉；履水如地；结跏趺坐，飞行空中，如鸟展翅；手摸日月，有如是大神通力；身至梵天。
"某位有信心的人看见那位比丘体验各种神通——一身变多身，多身合一身；显现隐形；穿墙越壁，穿山如空；出没地中，如水中浮沉；履水如地；结跏趺坐，飞行空中，如鸟展翅；手摸日月，有如是大神通力；身至梵天。
"那位有信心的人向某位无信心的人说：'真是奇妙啊，真是稀有啊，沙门有如此大神通力。我看见那位比丘体验各种神通——一身变多身，多身合一身...乃至...身至梵天。'
"那位无信心的人对那位有信心的人这样说：'先生，有一种叫甘陀利的咒术。那位比丘用它体验各种神通——一身变多身，多身合一身...乃至...身至梵天。'
"给吒，你怎么认为，那位无信心的人会对那位有信心的人这样说吗？" "会的，尊者。" "给吒，我看到神通神变有这样的过患，所以我厌恶、羞耻、嫌恶神通神变。"
他心通神变
"给吒，什么是他心通神变？在此，给吒，比丘说出他人的心、心所、思想、考虑，说：'你的心是这样，你的意是这样，你的想法是这样。'
"某位有信心的人看见那位比丘说出他人的心、心所、思想、考虑，说：'你的心是这样，你的意是这样，你的想法是这样。'那位有信心的人向某位无信心的人说：'真是奇妙啊，真是稀有啊，沙门有如此大神通力。我看见那位比丘说出他人的心、心所、思想、考虑，说："你的心是这样，你的意是这样，你的想法是这样。"'
"那位无信心的人对那位有信心的人这样说：'先生，有一种叫摩尼咒的咒术。那位比丘用它说出他人的心、心所、思想、考虑，说："你的心是这样，你的意是这样，你的想法是这样。"'
"给吒，你怎么认为，那位无信心的人会对那位有信心的人这样说吗？" "会的，尊者。" "给吒，我看到他心通神变有这样的过患，所以我厌恶、羞耻、嫌恶他心通神变。"
教诫神变

486. ‘‘Katamañca, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ? Idha, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu evamanusāsati – ‘evaṃ vitakketha, mā evaṃ vitakkayittha, evaṃ manasikarotha, mā evaṃ manasākattha, idaṃ pajahatha, idaṃ upasampajja viharathā’ti. Idaṃ vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, kevaṭṭa, idha tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho …pe… (yathā 190-212 anucchedesu evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ). Evaṃ kho, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti…pe… idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāti…pe… idampi vuccati, kevaṭṭa, anusāsanīpāṭihāriyaṃ.

‘‘Imāni kho, kevaṭṭa, tīṇi pāṭihāriyāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni’’.

Bhūtanirodhesakabhikkhuvatthu

487. ‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, kevaṭṭa, imasmiññeva bhikkhusaṅghe aññatarassa bhikkhuno evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘kattha nu kho ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?

488. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu tathārūpaṃ samādhiṃ samāpajji, yathāsamāhite citte devayāniyo maggo pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena cātumahārājikā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā cātumahārājike deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?

‘‘Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, cātumahārājikā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti [vāyodhātu. atthi kho (pī. evamuparipi)]. Atthi kho [vāyodhātu. atthi kho (pī. evamuparipi)], bhikkhu, cattāro mahārājāno amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.

489. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena cattāro mahārājāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā cattāro mahārāje etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, cattāro mahārājāno taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, tāvatiṃsā nāma devā amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.

490. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena tāvatiṃsā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tāvatiṃse deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, tāvatiṃsā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, sakko nāma devānamindo amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.



"给吒，什么是教诫神变？在此，给吒，比丘这样教诫：'你们应该这样思考，不要那样思考；你们应该这样作意，不要那样作意；你们应该舍弃这个，应该成就并安住于这个。'给吒，这称为教诫神变。
"再者，给吒，如来出现于世间，是阿罗汉、正等正觉者...（应如第190-212段详细说明）。给吒，这样比丘具足戒行...乃至...证得初禅而住。给吒，这也称为教诫神变...乃至...第二禅...乃至...第三禅...乃至...证得第四禅而住。给吒，这也称为教诫神变...乃至...引导心趣向智见...乃至...给吒，这也称为教诫神变...乃至...了知不再有后有...乃至...给吒，这也称为教诫神变。
"给吒，这三种神变是我亲自证知、实现并宣说的。"
寻求四大元素灭尽的比丘事
"给吒，从前在这比丘僧团中，有一位比丘心中生起这样的念头：'这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'
"给吒，那位比丘入于如是三昧，以如是入定之心，天道显现。给吒，那位比丘就来到四大王天众处；来到后，对四大王天众如是说：'朋友们，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'
"给吒，四大王天众听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我们也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有四大天王比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他们应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'
"给吒，那位比丘就来到四大天王处；来到后，对四大天王如是说：'朋友们，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，四大天王听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我们也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有名为三十三天的诸天比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他们应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'
"给吒，那位比丘就来到三十三天处；来到后，对三十三天如是说：'朋友们，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，三十三天听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我们也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有名为帝释的天帝比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'

491. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, sakko devānamindo taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, yāmā nāma devā…pe… suyāmo nāma devaputto… tusitā nāma devā… santussito nāma devaputto… nimmānaratī nāma devā … sunimmito nāma devaputto… paranimmitavasavattī nāma devā… vasavattī nāma devaputto amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.

492. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena vasavattī devaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā vasavattiṃ devaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte , kevaṭṭa, vasavattī devaputto taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, brahmakāyikā nāma devā amhehi abhikkantatarā ca paṇītatarā ca. Te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti.

493. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu tathārūpaṃ samādhiṃ samāpajji, yathāsamāhite citte brahmayāniyo maggo pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena brahmakāyikā devā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā brahmakāyike deve etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, brahmakāyikā devā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Atthi kho, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyānaṃ amhehi abhikkantataro ca paṇītataro ca. So kho etaṃ jāneyya, yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’ti.

‘‘‘Kahaṃ panāvuso, etarahi so mahābrahmā’ti? ‘Mayampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāma, yattha vā brahmā yena vā brahmā yahiṃ vā brahmā; api ca, bhikkhu, yathā nimittā dissanti, āloko sañjāyati, obhāso pātubhavati, brahmā pātubhavissati, brahmuno hetaṃ pubbanimittaṃ pātubhāvāya, yadidaṃ āloko sañjāyati, obhāso pātubhavatī’ti. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā nacirasseva pāturahosi .



"给吒，那位比丘就来到帝释天帝处；来到后，对帝释天帝如是说：'朋友，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，帝释天帝听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有名为夜摩天的诸天...名为善夜摩天子...名为兜率天的诸天...名为善知足天子...名为化乐天的诸天...名为善化天子...名为他化自在天的诸天...名为自在天子，比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'
"给吒，那位比丘就来到自在天子处；来到后，对自在天子如是说：'朋友，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，自在天子听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有名为梵众天的诸天比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他们应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'
"给吒，那位比丘就入于如是三昧，以如是入定之心，梵天道显现。给吒，那位比丘就来到梵众天处；来到后，对梵众天如是说：'朋友们，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，梵众天听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我们也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。比丘，有大梵天，他是征服者、不被征服者、全见者、自在者、主宰者、创造者、化作者、最胜者、支配者、统治者、过去未来诸有情之父，比我们更殊胜、更高贵。他应该知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。'
"'朋友们，现在那位大梵天在哪里呢？''比丘，我们也不知道大梵天在何处、往何处、于何处；但是，比丘，当这些征兆出现时，光明生起，光芒显现，大梵天就会出现，这是大梵天出现的前兆，即光明生起，光芒显现。'给吒，不久之后，那位大梵天就出现了。

494. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu yena so mahābrahmā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’ti? Evaṃ vutte, kevaṭṭa, so mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahamasmi, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’nti.

‘‘Dutiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘na khohaṃ taṃ, āvuso, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘‘tvamasi brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’nti. Evañca kho ahaṃ taṃ, āvuso, pucchāmi – ‘‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’’ti?

‘‘Dutiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ahamasmi, bhikkhu, brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’nti. Tatiyampi kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu taṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘na khohaṃ taṃ, āvuso, evaṃ pucchāmi – ‘‘tvamasi brahmā mahābrahmā abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī issaro kattā nimmātā seṭṭho sajitā vasī pitā bhūtabhabyāna’’nti. Evañca kho ahaṃ taṃ, āvuso, pucchāmi – ‘‘kattha nu kho, āvuso, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’’ti?

495. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, mahābrahmā taṃ bhikkhuṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ apanetvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘ime kho maṃ, bhikkhu, brahmakāyikā devā evaṃ jānanti, ‘‘natthi kiñci brahmuno aññātaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno adiṭṭhaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno aviditaṃ, natthi kiñci brahmuno asacchikata’’nti. Tasmāhaṃ tesaṃ sammukhā na byākāsiṃ. Ahampi kho, bhikkhu, na jānāmi yatthime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, tuyhevetaṃ dukkaṭaṃ, tuyhevetaṃ aparaddhaṃ, yaṃ tvaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ atidhāvitvā bahiddhā pariyeṭṭhiṃ āpajjasi imassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇāya. Gaccha tvaṃ, bhikkhu, tameva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā imaṃ pañhaṃ puccha, yathā ca te bhagavā byākaroti, tathā naṃ dhāreyyāsī’ti.

496. ‘‘Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva brahmaloke antarahito mama purato pāturahosi. Atha kho so, kevaṭṭa, bhikkhu maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho, kevaṭṭa, so bhikkhu maṃ etadavoca – ‘kattha nu kho, bhante, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?

Tīradassisakuṇupamā

497. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, kevaṭṭa, taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhu, sāmuddikā vāṇijā tīradassiṃ sakuṇaṃ gahetvā nāvāya samuddaṃ ajjhogāhanti. Te atīradakkhiniyā nāvāya tīradassiṃ sakuṇaṃ muñcanti. So gacchateva puratthimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ disaṃ, gacchati anudisaṃ. Sace so samantā tīraṃ passati, tathāgatakova [tathāpakkantova (syā.)] hoti. Sace pana so samantā tīraṃ na passati, tameva nāvaṃ paccāgacchati. Evameva kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, yato yāva brahmalokā pariyesamāno imassa pañhassa veyyākaraṇaṃ nājjhagā, atha mamaññeva santike paccāgato. Na kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho evaṃ pucchitabbo – ‘kattha nu kho, bhante, ime cattāro mahābhūtā aparisesā nirujjhanti, seyyathidaṃ – pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’ti?

498. ‘‘Evañca kho eso, bhikkhu, pañho pucchitabbo –

‘Kattha āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati;

Kattha dīghañca rassañca, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ subhāsubhaṃ;

Kattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhatī’ti.



"给吒，那位比丘就来到大梵天处；来到后，对大梵天如是说：'朋友，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'给吒，那位大梵天听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我是梵天、大梵天，征服者、不被征服者、全见者、自在者、主宰者、创造者、化作者、最胜者、支配者、统治者、过去未来诸有情之父。'
"给吒，那位比丘第二次对大梵天如是说：'朋友，我不是这样问你——"你是否是梵天、大梵天，征服者、不被征服者、全见者、自在者、主宰者、创造者、化作者、最胜者、支配者、统治者、过去未来诸有情之父"。我是这样问你的，朋友——"这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？"'
"给吒，那位大梵天第二次对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，我是梵天、大梵天，征服者、不被征服者、全见者、自在者、主宰者、创造者、化作者、最胜者、支配者、统治者、过去未来诸有情之父。'给吒，那位比丘第三次对大梵天如是说：'朋友，我不是这样问你——"你是否是梵天、大梵天，征服者、不被征服者、全见者、自在者、主宰者、创造者、化作者、最胜者、支配者、统治者、过去未来诸有情之父"。我是这样问你的，朋友——"这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？"'
"给吒，那时大梵天拉着那位比丘的手臂，把他带到一旁，对他如是说：'比丘，这些梵众天认为"没有什么是梵天不知道的，没有什么是梵天没有看到的，没有什么是梵天不了解的，没有什么是梵天没有证悟的"。因此我不在他们面前回答。比丘，我也不知道这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽。因此，比丘，你做错了，你犯了过失，你越过了世尊而到外面寻求这个问题的答案。去吧，比丘，回到世尊那里，问他这个问题，世尊怎么回答，你就怎么记住。'
"给吒，那位比丘就像一个力士伸展弯曲的手臂或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速，从梵天界消失，出现在我面前。给吒，那位比丘向我礼拜后，坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那位比丘，给吒，对我如是说：'尊者，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？'
见岸鸟的比喻
"给吒，我听后对那位比丘如是说：'比丘，从前有海上商人带着一只能见岸的鸟乘船入海。当船离岸很远时，他们放飞那只能见岸的鸟。它飞向东方、南方、西方、北方、上方、四维。如果它看到周围有陆地，就飞走不回。如果它看不到周围有陆地，就会回到船上。同样地，比丘，你寻求这个问题的答案，一直寻找到梵天界都没有找到，最后又回到我这里。比丘，这个问题不应该这样问——"尊者，这四大元素——地界、水界、火界、风界——在哪里完全灭尽呢？"
"比丘，这个问题应该这样问——
'水和地、火和风，在何处不立足？
长与短、细与粗，美与丑，在何处？
名与色，在何处，无余地灭尽？'

499. ‘‘Tatra veyyākaraṇaṃ bhavati –

‘Viññāṇaṃ anidassanaṃ, anantaṃ sabbatopabhaṃ;

Ettha āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati.

Ettha dīghañca rassañca, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ subhāsubhaṃ;

Ettha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;

Viññāṇassa nirodhena, etthetaṃ uparujjhatī’ti.



"对此，答案是：
'无相的识，无边、遍光明；
此中水和地、火和风不立足。
此中长与短、细与粗、美与丑；
此中名与色，无余地灭尽。
随着识的灭尽，此处一切灭尽。'"
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500. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano kevaṭṭo gahapatiputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.

Kevaṭṭasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ ekādasamaṃ.

世尊如是说。给吒居士子欢喜，随喜世尊所说。
给吒经结束，第十一经。

